Brazil

Presidential succession (1990–present)

Rows highlighted FSP mark presidents from a Foro de São Paulo member/affiliated party.

Legislative composition

Seats by party for recent elections, and whether the governing coalition held a majority. In a fragmented system a governing majority is assembled across several parties — no party governs alone; a coalition majority is not a single-party majority. Each bar orders blocs left→right with a marker at the majority line.

FSP member parties (highlighted FSP): Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), Partido Comunista do Brasil (PCdoB). Also 1990 founding members: Partido Democrático Trabalhista (PDT), Partido Socialista Brasileiro (PSB), Partido Comunista Brasileiro (PCB). Per Regalado's rosters, PT and PCdoB are FSP members through 2007 (both are flagged below). PDT, PSB and PCB were among the 1990 founding members too, but their current FSP membership is unverified, so they are not flagged.

2022 — Câmara dos Deputados (513 seats; majority = 257)

FSP member parties together: 74 of 513 (14%) — 183 seats short of the 257-seat majority. A working majority is assembled with non-FSP coalition partners.

Government: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) — commanded a working majority. FSP party in government: yes. The PT-led left base (~120–130 seats) is a minority alone; Lula's government assembles a working majority (257) through a broad multiparty coalition — União Brasil, PP, MDB, PSD, Republicanos (the “Centrão”) — via ministerial posts. No party governs alone (coalition presidentialism). (source 1, source 2, source 3)

2022 — Senado Federal (81 seats; majority = 41)

FSP member parties together: 9 of 81 (11%) — 32 seats short of the 41-seat majority. A working majority is assembled with non-FSP coalition partners.

Government: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) — commanded a working majority. FSP party in government: yes. One-third of the 81 seats are renewed each election (8-year terms). Figures are the post-2022 result; party-switching in early 2023 made the PSD the largest bench. Lula's government commands a working Senate majority via the same broad coalition — the Senate elected a government-aligned president (Rodrigo Pacheco, PSD) in 2023. (source 1, source 2, source 3)

2018 — Câmara dos Deputados (513 seats; majority = 257)

FSP member parties together: 65 of 513 (13%) — 192 seats short of the 257-seat majority. The FSP parties sat in opposition.

Government: Jair Bolsonaro (PSL) — commanded a working majority. FSP party in government: no. PT remained the largest single party but sat in opposition. Bolsonaro's government (PSL, DEM, MDB, PRB, Novo and allies) assembled majorities through shifting Centrão support. (source 1, source 2)

2006 — Câmara dos Deputados (513 seats; majority = 257)

FSP member parties together: 96 of 513 (19%) — 161 seats short of the 257-seat majority. A working majority is assembled with non-FSP coalition partners.

Government: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) — commanded a working majority. FSP party in government: yes. Lula's re-election. The two FSP members, PT (83) and PCdoB (13), together held 96 of 513 seats — well short of a majority. The second-term government was sustained by a broad coalition in which the PMDB, now the largest party, was the key partner (alongside PSB, PDT, PR, PTB and, in practice, much of the PP); the PSDB and PFL/DEM led the opposition. (source 1, source 2, source 3)

2002 — Câmara dos Deputados (513 seats; majority = 257)

FSP member parties together: 102 of 513 (20%) — 155 seats short of the 257-seat majority. A working majority is assembled with non-FSP coalition partners.

Government: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) — commanded a working majority. FSP party in government: yes. Lula's first victory made the PT the largest party for the first time, but the FSP members PT (91) and PCdoB (11) held only 102 of 513 seats. The government's working majority was a broad coalition built with the PL (of vice-president José Alencar), PTB, PSB, PDT, PPS, PV and, from 2004, the PMDB; managing it was fraught — the 2005 'mensalão' scandal, in which government operatives were convicted of buying legislators' votes, grew directly out of sustaining this coalition. Minor-party totals vary slightly by source (election-day vs sworn-in figures); the PCdoB figure follows FGV's Atlas (11 elected in 2002). (source 1, source 2, source 3)

High court — Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF)

Seats

11

Appointment

Nominated by the President, confirmed by the Senate; mandatory retirement at 75.

Appointed under FSP-party govts

7 of 11 sitting justices — a majority of the current bench. This is appointment provenance (who nominated each justice), not a claim about how they rule — justices serve independently.

Changes (FSP era)

No structural change to the court. PT presidents (Lula, Dilma) filled vacancies through the normal process. As of 2026 a majority of the 11 sitting justices were appointed by PT (FSP) presidents: Lula appointed Cármen Lúcia, Dias Toffoli, Cristiano Zanin and Flávio Dino (with Jorge Messias nominated for the seat vacated by Barroso's 2025 retirement); Dilma appointed Luiz Fux and Edson Fachin (the current court president). The rest were appointed by FHC (Gilmar Mendes), Temer (Alexandre de Moraes) and Bolsonaro (Nunes Marques, André Mendonça).

How much remains

About 7 of the 11 current justices were appointed by FSP (PT) presidents Lula and Dilma — a working majority — as of 2026 (snapshot; the Barroso-seat confirmation was still in process).

Verified

yes — sourced

Court history (1990–present)

Structural changes to the court during the Foro de São Paulo era — size changes, court-packings, purges and reforms. packing/purge mark expansions and forced removals. Sources: source · source · source.

Bench control by appointing government

Sourced period bands: how much of the sitting high-court bench was appointed (or, where sources say so, effectively controlled) under FSP-member governments. Appointment provenance is not a claim about how judges rule — see each band's notes; documented interventions are in the court history above. Seat counts appear only where sources give them; years outside these bands are uncovered, not asserted.

Court composition — by appointing government

Each justice with the president (and party) who appointed them; rows marked FSP were appointed by a Foro de São Paulo member/affiliated president. "Background" notes prior political/professional roles where notable — justices are not formal party members.

Sources

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supremo_Tribunal_Federal
2. https://portal.stf.jus.br/ostf/ministros/ministro.asp?periodo=STF&consulta=QUADRO_INDICACOES
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Brazil